New Study Suggests Long-Term Use of Acid Reflux Medications May Increase Risk of Dementia
A new study published in Neurology has found a potential link between long-term use of acid reflux medications known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and an increased risk of dementia. Researchers discovered that individuals who took PPIs for over four-and-a-half years had a 33% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those who did not take the medication.
It is important to note that the study did not establish a direct causation between PPIs and dementia, but rather revealed an association. The research focused solely on prescription PPIs and excluded over-the-counter medications. Acid reflux is a condition characterized by the flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn and ulcers. PPIs work by reducing stomach acid production through the inhibition of enzymes in the stomach lining.
This is not the first time PPIs have been associated with potential health risks. Previous studies have linked long-term use of these medications to a higher risk of stroke, bone fractures, and chronic kidney disease. Therefore, individuals who use PPIs are advised to discuss any potential medication changes with their doctors.
The study, which involved 5,712 participants aged 45 and older, examined the relationship between PPI use and dementia risk. None of the participants had dementia at the beginning of the study, with an average age of 75. About 26% of the participants had taken PPIs, and they were divided into four groups based on the length of time they had been using the medication.
During a follow-up period lasting an average of 5.5 years, approximately 10% of the participants developed dementia. After adjusting for factors such as age, sex, and health-related conditions, the researchers observed that individuals who had taken PPIs for over 4.4 years had a 33% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those who had never used the medication.
Although this study raises concerns about the potential link between long-term PPI use and dementia, more research is required to further investigate these findings. Individuals who are currently taking PPIs should consult their doctors before making any changes to their medication regimen, as abruptly stopping these drugs may result in worsened symptoms.
The study received support from the National Institutes of Health, including the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
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